Highlights
- •Air pollution is a leading global problem for public health.
- •PM air pollution is a well known risk factor for arterial occlusive disease.
- •The association between PM and VTE is less established.
- •The 11 studies included in this systematic review suggest the existence of a relationship between PM exposure and VTE.
Abstract
Air pollution is a leading global problem for public health. A number of ambient pollutants
have been involved, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM). Although exposure to PM has been linked to a wide array
of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders, its effect on venous thrombotic disorders
is still uncertain. To elucidate this issue, we have performed a systematic review
on the existing literature on the association between PM and venous thromboembolism
(VTE), using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane electronic databases. Of the 158 reviewed
studies, 11 of them (3 case-crossover studies, 2 time-series studies, 2 case–control
studies, 2 prospective cohort studies, 2 retrospective studies) involving more than
500,000 events fulfilled the inclusion criteria and results are presented here. Because
there was substantial heterogeneity in study design, duration of follow-up, statistical
measure of effects, clinical outcomes and threshold, we refrained to perform a quantitative
analysis of the available data and carried out only a systematic review. Overall,
the literature data suggest a link between PM and VTE, but further trials on larger
populations of patients with homogeneous study designs and outcomes are warranted.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to European Journal of Internal MedicineAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Air pollution and health.Lancet. 2002; 360: 1233-1242
- Impact on human health of climate changes.Eur J Intern Med. 2015; 26: 1-5
- An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities.N Engl J Med. 1993; 329: 1753-1759
- The association between air pollution and heart failure, arrhythmia, embolism, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular causes of death in a time series study.Epidemiology. 2001; 12: 355-357
- Particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of U.S. adults.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995; 151: 669-674
- On behalf of ESC Working Group on Thrombosis, European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, European Heart Rhythm Association and ESC Heart Failure Association. Expert position paper on air pollution and cardiovascular disease.Eur Heart J. 2015; 36: 83-93b
- Short-term effects of air pollution on cardiovascular diseases: outcomes and mechanisms.J Thromb Haemost. 2007; 5: 2169-2174
- Particulate air pollution and cardiovascular risk: short-term and long-term effects.Semin Thromb Hemost. 2009; 35: 665-670
- Air pollution and cardiovascular disease.Thromb Res. 2012; 129: 230-234
- Air pollution, vascular disease and thrombosis: linking clinical data and pathogenic mechanisms.J Thromb Haemost. 2012; 10: 2438-2451
- Thrombogenicity and cardiovascular effects of ambient air pollution.Blood. 2011; 118: 2405-2412
- Air particulate matter and cardiovascular disease.Eur J Intern Med. 2013; 24: 295-302
- Effects of inhalable particulate matter on blood coagulation.J Thromb Haemost. 2010; 8: 662-668
- Seasonal and monthly variability in the incidence of venous thromboembolism. A systematic review and a meta-analysis of the literature.Thromb Haemost. 2011; 106: 439-447
- The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality if nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses.(Available at) ([last visit 14-06-2015])
- Exposure to particulate air pollution and risk of deep vein thrombosis.Arch Intern Med. 2008; 168: 920-927
- Living near major traffic roads and risk of deep vein thrombosis.Circulation. 2009; 119: 3118-3124
- Gruppo collaborativo EpiAir. Air pollution and urgent hospital admissions in nine Italian cities. Results of the EpiAir Project.Epidemiol Prev. 2009; 33: 77-94
- Air pollution and hospitalization for venous thromboembolic disease in Chile.J Thromb Haemost. 2010; 8: 669-674
- Traffic exposure and incident venous thromboembolism in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study.J Thromb Haemost. 2011; 9: 672-678
- Ambient particulate matter air pollution and venous thromboembolism in the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Therapy trials.Environ Health Perspect. 2011; 119: 326-331
- Access rate to the emergency department for venous thromboembolism in relationship with coarse and fine particulate matter air pollution.PLoS One. 2012; 7e34831
- Venous thromboembolism in an industrial north American city: temporal distribution and association with particulate matter air pollution.PLoS One. 2013; 8e66829
- Short-term exposure to high levels of air pollution as a risk factor for acute isolated pulmonary embolism.Thromb Res. 2014; 134: 259-263
- Short-term effects of air pollution on a range of cardiovascular events in England and Wales: case-crossover analysis of the MINAP database, hospital admissions and mortality.Heart. 2014; 100: 1093-1098
- Effects of airbone fine particles (PM2.5) on deep vein thrombosis admission in North Eastern United States.J Thromb Haemost. 2015; 13: 768-774
Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 27, 2015
Accepted:
November 11,
2015
Received in revised form:
October 26,
2015
Received:
July 16,
2015
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
