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Relative fat mass (RFM) as abdominal obesity criterion for metabolic syndrome

Published:March 08, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2019.03.002
Relative fat mass (RFM) as abdominal obesity criterion for metabolic syndrome
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      Obesity is a recognized risk factor for various cardio-metabolic diseases and several indices are used clinically to assess overall cardio-metabolic risk [
      • Langenberg C.
      • Sharp S.J.
      • Schulze M.B.
      • Rolandsson O.
      • Overved K.
      • et al.
      Long-term risk of incident type 2 diabetes and measures of overall and regional obesity: the EPIC-InterAct casecohort study.
      PLoS Med. 2012; 9 ([Epub 2012 Jun 5])e1001230https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001230
      ]. The metabolic syndrome, which is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke and total mortality [
      • Athyros Vasilios G.
      • Ganotakis Emmanuel S.
      • Elisaf Moses S.
      • Liberopoulos Evangelos N.
      • Goudevenos Ioannis A.
      • Karagiannis Asterios
      Prevalence of vascular disease in metabolic syndrome using three proposed definitions.
      Int J Cardiol. Apr 25, 2007; 117 ([Epub 2006 Jul 18]): 204-210
      ,
      • Alexander Charles M.
      • Landsman Pamela B.
      • Teutsch Steven M.
      • Haffner Steven M.
      NCEP-defined metabolic syndrome, diabetes,and prevalence of coronary heart disease among NHANES III participants age 50 years and older.
      Diabetes. May, 2003; 52: 1210-1214
      ,
      • Malik Shaista
      • Wong Nathan D.
      • Franklin Stanley S.
      • Kamath Tripthi V.
      • L'Italien Gilbert J.
      • Pio Jose R.
      • et al.
      Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults.
      Circulation. 2004; 110: 1245-1250
      ,
      • Scuteri A.
      • Najjar S.S.
      • Morrell C.H.
      • Lakatta E.G.
      The metabolic syndrome in older individuals: prevalence and prediction of cardiovascular events: the cardiovascular health study.
      Diabetes Care. Apr, 2005; 28: 882-887
      ], was defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) as at least three of the five conditions – central obesity (as defined by men waist circumference > 40 in. or women waist circumference > 35 in.), raised triglycerides (above 150 mg/DL or on treatment), reduce HDL (below 40 mg/DL for men or 50 mg/DL for women), raised blood pressure (above 130/85mmHG or on treatment) and abnormal fasting plasma glucose (above 110 mg/DL or on treatment) [
      • National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
      Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Final report.
      Circulation. 2002; 106: 3143-3421
      ].

      Keywords

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        • Sharp S.J.
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        • et al.
        Long-term risk of incident type 2 diabetes and measures of overall and regional obesity: the EPIC-InterAct casecohort study.
        PLoS Med. 2012; 9 ([Epub 2012 Jun 5])e1001230https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001230
        View in Article
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        • Ganotakis Emmanuel S.
        • Elisaf Moses S.
        • Liberopoulos Evangelos N.
        • Goudevenos Ioannis A.
        • Karagiannis Asterios
        Prevalence of vascular disease in metabolic syndrome using three proposed definitions.
        Int J Cardiol. Apr 25, 2007; 117 ([Epub 2006 Jul 18]): 204-210
        View in Article
        • Alexander Charles M.
        • Landsman Pamela B.
        • Teutsch Steven M.
        • Haffner Steven M.
        NCEP-defined metabolic syndrome, diabetes,and prevalence of coronary heart disease among NHANES III participants age 50 years and older.
        Diabetes. May, 2003; 52: 1210-1214
        View in Article
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        • Franklin Stanley S.
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        • L'Italien Gilbert J.
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        • et al.
        Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults.
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        View in Article
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        • Lakatta E.G.
        The metabolic syndrome in older individuals: prevalence and prediction of cardiovascular events: the cardiovascular health study.
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      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: March 08, 2019
      Accepted: March 5, 2019
      Received in revised form: January 30, 2019
      Received: January 17, 2019

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2019.03.002

      Copyright

      © 2019 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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