Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is one of the main determinants in the prognostic
of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) [
[1]
]. Three-dimensional (3D) measurement of the LV volumes and LVEF does not use geometric
assumptions, thus this method is less sensitive to errors caused by foreshortening
[
[2]
]. Furthermore, 3D transducers allow simultaneous orthogonal triplane imaging for all
three standard apical views: apical long-axis (APLAX), 4-chamber (A4CH) and 2-chamber
(A2CH). This allows measurements to be performed in the same cardiac cycle, therefore
avoiding errors caused by irregular heart rhythms and foreshortening [
[3]
]. Moreover, it is necessary to identify subtle changes in the systolic function of
the LV of these patients, which might occur even after successful primary revascularization.
2D speckle tracking (2DST) is a validated user-friendly method, which is less dependent
on modifications in preload or afterload and has less inter-observer variability,
with most data in literature on global longitudinal strain (GLS) [
[4]
].To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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References
- Ejection fraction pros and cons: JACC state-of-the-art review.J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2018; 72: 2360-2379https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2162
- Feasibility and clinical decision-making with 3D echocardiography in routine practice.Heart. 2008; 94: 440-445
- Fast data acquisition and analysis with real time triplane echocardiography for the assessment of left ventricular size and function: a validation study.Echocardiogr. 2009; 26: 66-75https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8175.2008.00762.x
- Cardiac imaging after myocardial infarction.EHJ. 2011; 32: 272-283https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehq446
- Real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic quantification of left ventricular volumes: multicenter study for validation with magnetic resonance imaging and investigation of sources of error.J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Img. 2008; 1: 413-423
- The agreement between 3D, standard 2D and triplane 2D speckle tracking: effects of image quality and 3D volume rate.Echo. Res. Pract. 2014; 1: 71-83https://doi.org/10.1530/ERP-14-0025
- Left ventricular volume and ejection fraction assessment with transoesophageal echocardiography: 2D vs 3D imaging.BJA. 2013; 110: 201-206https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aes350
Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 23, 2020
Accepted:
May 3,
2020
Received:
April 24,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
