Highlights
- •Life style changes represent the cornerstone of treatment in patients with arterial hypertension
- •60 minutes of midday sleep decreased 24h average SBP by 3 mmHg.
- •Reductions as small as 2 mmHg in systolic blood pressure can reduce the risk of hard cardiovascular events by up to 10%
Abstract
Study objectives
Lifestyle changes decrease blood pressure (BP) levels by 3-5 mmHg in hypertensive
patients. We assessed the effect of mid-day sleep on BP levels in hypertensive patients.
Methods
We prospectively studied two hundred and twelve hypertensive patients. Mid-day sleep
duration, lifestyle habits, anthropometric characteristics, office BP, ambulatory
BP monitoring, pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI) were recorded. A
standard echocardiographic evaluation was performed.
Results
53.8% were females, mean age was 62.5±11.0 years and mean body mass index was 28.9±5.4kg/m2. Mean average 24h systolic and diastolic BP (SBP & DBP) was 129.9±13.2/76.7±7.9 mmHg
respectively. The majority was non-smokers (70.3%) and did not have diabetes (74.7%).
The mean midday sleep duration was 48.7±54.3 min. Average 24h SBP (127.6±12.9 mmHg
vs 132.9±13.1 mmHg), average daytime SBP & DBP were lower in patients who sleep at
midday, compared to those who do not (128.7±13/76.2±11.5 vs 134.5±13.4/79.5±10.4 mmHg)
(p<0.005). The effect was not correlated to the dipping status. Midday sleep duration
was negatively correlated with average 24h SBP & daytime SBP. In a linear regression
model, for every 60 min of midday sleep, 24h average SBP decreases by 3 mmHg (p<0.001).
There were no differences in the number of antihypertensive medications, PWV, AI or
echocardiographic indices between study groups.
Conclusions
Mid-day sleep significantly decreases average 24h and daytime SBP/DBP in hypertensives.
Its effect seems to be as potent as other well-established lifestyle changes and is
independent of dipping status.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 29, 2020
Accepted:
May 19,
2020
Received in revised form:
May 15,
2020
Received:
February 29,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
