Keywords
In the first half of 2021, many millions of Europeans will be offered vaccination against SARS -CoV-2. Four vaccines, two mRNA-based vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and NIH-Moderna) and two non-replicating viral vector-based vaccines (Oxford-AstraZeneca and Janssen) will likely be available through national health services (NHS). Should citizens accept the vaccine provided by their NHS or should they have the option of selecting the vaccine of their choice?
Vaccine hesitancy is a worrying trend [
[1]
]. Government campaigns are needed to inform and persuade their citizens on the need for vaccination. Regulators will ensure transparency with free and open access to the information which formed the basis for their approvals [[2]
,European Medicines Agency. Extra transparency measures for COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics. Accessed 9 December 2020 https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/extra-transparency-measures-covid-19-vaccines-therapeutics.
[3]
]. Although an individual's decision to be vaccinated will be voluntary, the choice of vaccine they receive will not. The paternalistic physician/patient relationship has been replaced long ago by a patient-centered approach in which values and preferences of patients are critical for therapeutic decisions [World Health Organization. WHO-ICMRA joint statement on the need for improved global regulatory alignment on COVID-19 medicines and vaccines. Accessed 9 December 2020 https://www.who.int/news/item/06-11-2020-who-icmra-joint-statement-on-the-need-for-improved-global-regulatory-alignment-on-covid-19-medicines-and-vaccines.
[4]
,[5]
]. However, this model has generally not been applied for the deployment of either pediatric or adult vaccines, where parents and individuals are expected to accept the paternalistic approach of governments and whichever vaccine is provided by the NHS. This is because vaccines are usually purchased through public tenders by which governments buy the most cost-effective vaccine fulfilling certain specifications. But this will not be the case for COVID-19 with the availability of several distinctly different vaccines.Considerable anxiety and fear prevail with significant adverse impact of COVID-19 on mortality, mental well-being and the economy of the population; therefore, whenever possible, a flexible individual-centric approach could be undertaken. Participation of the individual in the decision-making process will only help to enhance trust and diminish vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine efficacy, safety, platform type, number of shots, and price paid by the state [
[6]
] could all be relevant factors influencing choice for many people. In this respect, it would be reasonable that individuals who are aware that, for instance, a specific vaccine has not had sufficient time to generate efficacy data in a given population group as happens with the AstraZeneca vaccine in older adults (≥56-year-old individuals) [[7]
] could have the chance to be vaccinated with a different vaccine that has provided sufficient efficacy data [[8]
,[9]
]. We recognize the operational complexity of such an approach for vaccine deployment and administration, but if the aim is to vaccinate the vast majority of citizens [[10]
], perhaps offering flexibility towards individual autonomy will help facilitate this objective.We suggest a flexible approach where most of the population will be offered and probably accept the vaccine provided by the NHS. However, when possible and as a respect for individual values and preferences, any citizen should be entitled to discuss their preferred vaccine with the healthcare provider. This would enhance public confidence and likely increase vaccine uptake, which should be the goal of any vaccination campaign.
Declaration of Competing Interest
None declared.
Funding
This work required no funding
The views or opinions presented in this manuscript are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the institutions or organizations they work with or for.
References
- Global attitudes on a COVID-19 vaccine.Ipsos survey for The World Economic Forum, October 2020 (Accessed 9 December 2020)
European Medicines Agency. Extra transparency measures for COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics. Accessed 9 December 2020 https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/extra-transparency-measures-covid-19-vaccines-therapeutics.
World Health Organization. WHO-ICMRA joint statement on the need for improved global regulatory alignment on COVID-19 medicines and vaccines. Accessed 9 December 2020 https://www.who.int/news/item/06-11-2020-who-icmra-joint-statement-on-the-need-for-improved-global-regulatory-alignment-on-covid-19-medicines-and-vaccines.
- Patient-centered medicine. A professional evolution.JAMA. 1996; 275: 152-156
- People-Centred Health Care. Technical papers.International symposium on people-centred health care: reorienting health systems in the 21st century. 25 November 2007. World Health Organization, Tokyo2008 (https://www.iris.wpro.who.int/handle/10665.1/5453)
- Belgian minister tweets EU's Covid vaccine price list to anger manufacturers.The Guardian, 18 December 2020 (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/18/belgian-minister-accidentally-tweets-eus-covid-vaccine-price-list)
- Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.Lancet. 2020; 397: 99-111
- Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine.N Engl J Med. 2020; 383: 2603-2615
- Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.N Engl J Med. 2021; 384 (Dec 30:NEJMoa2035389Online ahead of print.PMID: 33378609): 403-416
- Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council.Preparedness for COVID-19 vaccination strategies and vaccine deployment. 680. Brussels, 2020 (10 October 2020. COM(2020) 680 Final. Accessed 9 December 2020)
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 03, 2021
Accepted:
January 29,
2021
Received:
January 14,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
