Highlights
- •New drugs have proved to further improve long-term outcomes in patients with HFrEF.
- •A proposal for combing these new drugs in clinical practice is provided.
- •Frequent clinical evaluation in the first phases of disease is advisable to attain optimal therapy.
Abstract
Pharmacological approach to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is
evolving, as recently published large randomized clinical trials have implemented
the disposal of HFrEF treatments with four new classes of drugs, namely angiotensin
receptor/neprilysin inhibitor , sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors , soluble
guanylate cyclase modulators and myosin activators, which have proved to further improve
patients’ quality of life and long-term outcomes. As these novel drugs target additional
pathways not already intercepted by the guideline-directed medical therapy, integration
of them in the management of HFrEF is desirable. This review paper aims to provide
an overview of the current evolving concepts of HFrEF therapy joining the most recent
evidences and to furnish practical suggestions for the use of these new classes of
drugs in clinical practice
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 02, 2021
Accepted:
May 10,
2021
Received in revised form:
April 24,
2021
Received:
February 24,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
