In the last 10 years a global increase in risk exposure for attributable death has
been observed for several factors, including ambient particulate matter pollution,
drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body mass index (BMI). High BMI was
among the main 5 leading risks for DALY’ s in 2019, with high systolic blood pressure
(BP), smoking, high fasting glucose and low birthweight [
[1]
].To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to European Journal of Internal MedicineAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Lancet. 2020; 396 (Oct 17): 1223-1249https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2
- Obesity and cardiovascular risk: a call for action from the European Society of Hypertension Working Group of Obesity, Diabetes and the High-risk Patient and European Association for the Study of Obesity: part A: mechanisms of obesity induced hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia and practice guidelines for treatment.J Hypertens. 2018; 36 (JulPMID: 29634663): 1427-1440https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000001730
- Obesity-related hypertension: pathogenesis, cardiovascular risk, andtreatment −a position paper of the Obesity Society and the American Society of Hypertension.Obesity. 2013; 21: 8-24
- Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Hypertension. 2003; 42: 878-884
- Advanced body composition assessment: from body mass index to body composition profiling.J Investig Med. 2018; 66: 887-895
- Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part I: review of principles and methods.Clin Nutr. 2004; 23: 1226-1243
- Validity of a new abdominal bioelectrical impedance device to measure abdominal and visceral fat: comparison with MRI.Obesity. 2010; 18: 2385-2391
- Is bioelectrical impedance accurate for use in large epidemiological studies?.Nutr J. 2008; 7: 26
- Left ventricular mass and incident hypertension in individuals with initial optimal blood pressure: the Strong Heart Study.J Hypertens. 2008; 26 (Sep): 1868-1874
- The relationship between resting blood pressure, body mass index and lean body mass index in British children.Ann Hum Biol. 2011; 38: 324-329
- Influence of lean body-mass index versus that of fat mass index on blood pressure of Gujarati school going adolescents.Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014; 58 (Jan-Mar): 39-44
- Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: association with metabolic risk factors in the Framingham Heart Study.Circulation. 2007; 116 (Jul 3): 39-48
- Role of perivascular adipose tissue in vascular physiology and pathology.Hypertension. 2017; 69: 770-777
- Both lean and fat body mass associate with blood pressure.Eur J Intern Med. 2021; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2021.04.025
- Local inflammation and hypoxia abolish the protective anticontractile properties of perivascular fat in obese patients.Circulation. 2009; 119: 1661-1670
- Macrophage activation is responsible for loss of anticontractile function in inflamed perivascular fat.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011; 31: 90
- Effects of obesity on perivascular adipose tissue vasorelaxant function: nitric oxide, inflammation and elevated systemic blood pressure.J Vasc Res. 2015; 52: 299-305
- Office and Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Changes Over a Quarter of Century: Findings From the PAMELA Study..Hypertension. 2020; 76: 759-765https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15434
Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 02, 2021
Accepted:
July 21,
2021
Received:
July 7,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.