Abstract
Background: Smoking is a risk factor in the development and outcome of cardiovascular disease.
The pathophysiological mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. To explore
the effects of habitual smoking on arterial wall dynamics we determined cross-sectional
compliance (CC) and distensibility coefficients (DC) of both common carotid arteries,
the right common femoral artery, and the right brachial artery in a large group of
habitual smokers not suffering from other cardiovascular risk factors, and we compared
them with a group of non-smokers. Methods: The study population consisted of 187 smokers (S), 127 of whom wanted to quit smoking
(QS), and 56 non-smokers (N). Participants were not known to have other cardiovascular
risk factors. CCs and DCs were calculated using diameters and changes in diameters
measured ultrasonographically with a vessel wall movement detector system. Pulse pressures
were measured noninvasively at the left upper arm. Results: Stepwise regression analysis showed that the CCs and DCs of the various arteries
were not influenced by smoking. Age was an important contributor to the arterial wall
dynamics of both common carotid arteries. Conclusions: The present study did not show any major changes in large arterial wall properties
due to long-term smoking.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to European Journal of Internal MedicineAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
Black HR. Smoking and cardiovascular disease. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management, 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press, 1995:2621–2647.
- Decline in the risk of myocardial infarction among women who stop smoking.N Engl J Med. 1990; 322: 213-217
- The risk of myocardial infarction after quitting smoking in men under 55 years of age.N Engl J Med. 1985; 313: 1511-1514
- The cardiovascular pathology of smoking.Am Heart J. 1988; 115: 250-257
- Long-term cigarette smoking impairs endothelium-dependent coronary arterial vasodilator function.Circulation. 1995; 92: 1094-1100
- Cigarette smoking is associated with dose-related and potentially reversible impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation in healthy young adults.Circulation. 1993; 88: 2149-2155
- Lipid effects of smoking.Am Heart J. 1988; 115: 272-275
- Acute effects of smoking on radial artery compliance in humans.J Hypertens. 1994; 12: 691-696
- Short- and long-term effects of smoking on arterial wall properties in habitual smokers.J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993; 22: 1881-1886
- Selective increase in popliteal artery wall stiffness in long-term smokers.J Hypertens Suppl. 1993; 11 (Suppl.): S84-S85
- Cigarette smoking and peripheral arterial occlusive disease.Surgery. 1993; 114: 753-756
- Lipoprotein(a) and general risk factors in patients with angiographically assessed peripheral arterial disease.Int Angiol. 1995; 14: 357-363
- Risk factors associated with the development of peripheral arterial disease in smokers: a case-control study.Atherosclerosis. 1997; 129: 41-48
- Cardiovascular applications of multi-gate pulsed Doppler systems.Ultrasound Med Biol. 1986; 12: 357-370
- Assessment of the distensibility of superficial arteries.Ultrasound Med Biol. 1990; 16: 121-128
- Dynamic vessel wall properties and their reproducibility in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk.J Hum Hypertens. 1998; 12: 345-350
- Diurnal pattern of vessel-wall properties of large arteries in healthy men.J Hypertens Suppl. 1991; 9 (Suppl.): S108-S109
- Doctors and smoking.Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1971; 115: 511-513
- Abnormal fibrinolysis in healthy male cigarette smokers: role of plasminogen activator inhibitors.Am J Hematol. 1989; 31: 36-40
- Increase in circulating products of lipid peroxidation (F-2-isoprostanes) in smokers — smoking as a cause of oxidative damage.N Engl J Med. 1995; 332: 1198-1203
- Smoking and plasma lipoprotein metabolism.Clin Sci. 1995; 89: 333-342
- Active and passive smoking are associated with increased carotid wall thickness. The atherosclerosis risk in communities study.Arch Intern Med. 1994; 154: 1277-1282
Laurent, S. Compliance and arterial wall thickening. In: Touboul PJ, Crouse JR, III, editors. Intima-Media Thickness and Atherosclerosis Predicting the Risk? London: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 1997:81–95.
- Age-related changes in carotid artery wall properties in men.Ultrasound Med Biol. 1986; 12: 465-471
- Arterial alterations with aging and high blood pressure. A noninvasive study of carotid and femoral arteries.Arterioscler Thromb. 1993; 13: 90-97
- Interactions between people's diet and their smoking habits: the dietary and nutritional survey of British adults.Br Med J. 1993; 307: 1381-1384
- Cigarette smoking-nutritional implications.Prog Food Nutr Sci. 1991; 15: 183-217
- Alcohol and coronary heart disease: the evidence for a protective effect.Clin Chim Acta. 1996; 246: 59-76
- Smoking and mechanisms of cardiovascular control.Am Heart J. 1988; 115: 258-263
- Heart rate-dependence of arterial distensibility in vivo.J Hypertens. 1996; 14: 897-901
- Characteristics of past smokers.Int J Epidemiol. 1989; 18: 345-354
- Inhomogeneities in arterial wall properties under normal and pathological conditions.J Hypertens Suppl. 1992; 10 (Suppl.): S35-S39
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
August 19,
1999
Received in revised form:
June 1,
1999
Received:
May 6,
1999
Identification
Copyright
© 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
